If you’re new to crochet, patterns can feel confusing at first. Instead of writing everything out, most patterns use short abbreviations to keep instructions clear and consistent. Once you learn the basics, reading patterns becomes much easier and far less intimidating.
This guide covers the most common crochet abbreviations written in US terms, which is what you’ll see in most modern patterns and beginner kits.
A note on US vs UK crochet terms
US and UK crochet use different names for the same stitches. For example, a single crochet in US terms is called a double crochet in UK terms. Because of this, it’s always important to check which system a pattern uses before you start. Patient Calf patterns and guides use US crochet terms unless stated otherwise.
Basic Crochet Stitches
- ch – chain
- sl st – slip stitch
- sc – single crochet
- hdc – half double crochet
- dc – double crochet
- tr – treble crochet
Foundation Stitches
Foundation stitches create a more structured, even starting edge and replace the traditional starting chain.
- fsc – foundation single crochet
- fhdc – foundation half double crochet
- fdc – foundation double crochet
Common Crochet Actions & Pattern Terms
- st(s) – stitch(es)
- rep – repeat
- sk – skip
- sp – space
- yo – yarn over
- turn – turn your work
- join – join with a slip stitch
- inc – increase
- dec – decrease
- tog – together
- BLO – back loop only
- FLO – front loop only
- rnd – round
- row – row
Finishing & Orientation
- FO – fasten off
- RS – right side
- WS – wrong side
Bookmark this page or come back anytime you need a quick refresher while stitching.
